第1段：由全球粮食安全引出英国脱欧
全球人口增长和农业增产压力使粮食安全成为焦点；英国近期格外关注这一问题，则有一个特殊背景——脱欧。
2021 · 英语（二）· Text 2
英国粮食自给：愿景与现实限制
英国脱欧让粮食自给重新成为热门愿景，但土地用途、土壤与气候条件、已开发耕地比例和巨大转换代价共同表明，英国难以依靠本土生产满足当前食品需求。
篇章路线
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第2段：呈现粮食自给的美好主张并提出质疑
支持者认为脱欧可以扭转食品进口趋势，自给自足还能促进农业、主权和健康。作者随即用反问追问这一愿景是否真正可行。
第3段：用畜牧业土地数据说明产能不足
英国85%的土地面积与肉类和乳制品生产相关，却只能满足80%的消费；即使全国都用于畜牧业，也无法完全自给。
第4段：指出提高自给率的现实代价
若想显著提高自给程度，英国必须大幅减少动物性食品消费，并采用更集约、更工厂化的农业方式，代价是绿地减少。
第5段：说明植物性饮食也绕不开自然限制
英国大部分地形缺少适合商业化种植的土壤或气候，只有25%的土地适耕且大多已被利用；即使取消保护区并迁走居民，作物产量也只能增加30%。
第6段：以果蔬和热量来源收束论证
英国本土果蔬只占消费量的23%，极端措施仍只能满足30%的需求；此外还需要土地生产提供主要热量的谷物、糖料、籽类和油料作物。
查看全文段间逻辑
全文采用“提出愿景—反问可行性—连续加入现实约束”的论证路线。第1段建立粮食安全与脱欧背景，第2段先完整呈现自给自足的吸引力，再用 `but how feasible` 转向审视。
第3段从畜牧业用地与产出比例切入，第4段列出提高自给率所需的饮食和生产方式改变。第5段进一步堵住“改吃植物就能解决”的退路，用自然条件、适耕土地和社会代价证明增产空间有限。第6段把果蔬自给缺口与主要热量来源叠加起来，最终强化作者对全面粮食自给的怀疑态度。
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01
第1段
With the global population predicted to hit close to 10 billion by 2050, and forecasts that agricultural production in some regions will need to nearly double to keep pace, food security is increasingly making headlines. In the UK, it has become a big talking point recently too, for a rather particular reason: Brexit.
02
第2段
Brexit is seen by some as an opportunity to reverse a recent trend towards the UK importing food. The country produces only about 60 per cent of the food it eats, down from almost three-quarters in the late 1980s. A move back to self-sufficiency, the argument goes, would boost the farming industry, political sovereignty and even the nation's health. Sounds great—but how feasible is this vision?
03
第3段
According to a report on UK food production from the University of Leeds, UK, 85 per cent of the country's total land area is associated with meat and dairy production. That supplies 80 per cent of what is consumed, so even covering the whole country in livestock farms wouldn't allow us to cover all our meat and dairy needs.
04
第4段
There are many caveats to those figures, but they are still grave. To become much more self-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively—meaning fewer green fields and more factory-style production.
05
第5段
But switching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn't help. There is a good reason why the UK is dominated by animal husbandry: most of its terrain doesn't have the right soil or climate to grow crops on a commercial basis. Just 25 per cent of the country's land is suitable for crop-growing, most of which is already occupied by arable fields. Even if we converted all the suitable land to fields of fruit and veg—which would involve taking out all the nature reserves and removing thousands of people from their homes—we would achieve only a 30 per cent boost in crop production.
06
第6段
Just 23 per cent of the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK are currently home-grown, so even with the most extreme measures we could meet only 30 per cent of our fresh produce needs. That is before we look for the space to grow the grains, sugars, seeds and oils that provide us with the vast bulk of our current calorie intake.
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